14-3 D Edie and Reilly

Of the 4 major absolutist states – France, Prussia, Austria, and Russia – which model for absolutism was the most effective in consolidating political power? Sustaining it?
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NTK 4: Russia: Peter the Great was the first to rule in an absolutist monarch in which he claimed divine rule. He decided to westernize Russia especially by borrowing European technology. Modernizing the armed forces was necessary in making Russia a power house.

history-in-pictures: “ Portrait of Russian Tsar Peter I the Great by Godfrey Kneller “ This portrait was Peter’s gift to King of England William III. It was painted in 1698 when, between

NTK 2: France: Diplomacy and wars dominated politics in Europe. The way Luis XIV ran his court was imitated throughout Europe. The French culture, language, and manners we seen in all levels of European society.

Louis XIV : King Louis XIV of France, known as the Sun King, lived a lavish lifestyle and built the palace of Versailles. His reign, which lasted from 1643 until his death in redefined royal opulence and the power of the absolute monarch.

Thesis 5: Colbert sought to increase France's wealth and power by following mercantilism.

Portrait de Colbert par Philippe de Champaigne Metropolitan Museum of Art.

Thesis 3: Cardinal Richelieu took away huguenots, seen as a threat, political and military rights. Louis removed very high nobles and royal prince's from the royal council.

Armand-Jean du Plessis, Cardinal de Richelieu 1637 by Philippe de Champaigne. Named Chief Minister of France in 1624 by Louis XIII, Richelieu and Anne of Austria intrigued against each other until his death.

Thesis 2: Louis XIV fostered the myth of himself as the Sun King, the light source for all of his people. The key to his power was his control over the central policy- making machinery of government.

Thesis Louis XIV fostered the myth of himself as the Sun King, the light source for all of his people. The key to his power was his control over the central policy- making machinery of government.

Thesis 6: Louis XIV developed a standing army number to 400,000 in time of war. He wished accomplish military glory, ensuring that his Bourbon dynasty dominated Europe.
Thesis 1: France was the most successful absolutist government. King Louis XIV had all controlling power and he was able to reign from 1643 to 1715 a remarkable 72 years. This was the longest reign of any Monarch in European history.

Louis XIV in engraved portrait by Robert Nanteuil

NTK1: Absolutism is a system in which a ruler holds total power. It was tied to the idea of the divine right of kings. This meant that rulers received their power from God and were responsible to no one except God. The rulers had the ability to make laws, levy taxes, administer justice, control officials, and determine foreign policy.
NTK3: Austria- The Austrian Hapsburg had long played a significant role in European politics as emperors in the Holy Roman Empire. The Hapsburg made a difficult transition in the 17th century, loosing the German Empire, and creating a new empire in eastern and southeastern Europe. The core of the new Austrian Empire was the traditional Austrian lands in present day Austria, the Czech Republic, and Hungary. Austria took control of all of Hungary, Transylvania, Croatia, and Slavonia.

NTK3: Austria- The Austrian Hapsburg had long played a significant role in European politics as emperors in the Holy Roman Empire. The Hapsburg made a difficult transition in the 17th century, loosing the German Empire, and creating a new empire in eastern and southeastern Europe. The core of the new Austrian Empire was the traditional Austrian lands in present day Austria, the Czech Republic, and Hungary. Austria took control of all of Hungary, Transylvania, Croatia, and Slavonia.

NTK5: Prussia- Prussia emerged in the 17th and 18th centuries as one of the great European powers. Frederick William the Great Elector laid the foundation for the Prussian state. Prussia was a small, open territory with no natural frontiers for defense.

Prussia- Prussia emerged in the and centuries as one of the great European powers. Frederick William the Great Elector laid the foundation for the Prussian state. Prussia was a small, open territory with no natural frontiers for defense.

Thesis 4: To maintain religious harmony as part of the monarchical power in France, Louis pursued an anti- Protestant policy aimed at converting the Huguenots to Catholicism. Although, early in his reign he had drove them out to England, The United Provinces, and German states by closing their schools and tearing down their churches.

History: This is a photo of Louis XIV (the sun king). In the France dominated Europe. Louis XIV (the sun king) was their leader, and started his own monarchy.

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