Nephrotic syndrome is a kidney disorder characterized by excessive protein loss in the urine, leading to low protein levels in the blood, high cholesterol levels, and swelling (edema), particularly in the ankles and feet. This syndrome can result from various underlying conditions that damage the kidneys' filtering units, such as diabetes, lupus, and certain infections. Symptoms include severe swelling, weight gain, fatigue, and foamy urine due to the high protein content. Nephrotic syndrome can affect both adults and children, and while it is not a disease itself, it signals significant kidney dysfunction. Treatment focuses on addressing the underlying cause, reducing symptoms, and preventing complications through medications such as corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, and diuretics.
