Social Mvmts: Nation of Islam

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Wallace D. Fard Muhammad founded a new branch of the Islamic faith in July 1930. After Fard disappeared in 1934, his assistant Elijah Muhammad changed the name to the Nation of Islam. Among other teachings, Elijah Muhammad promoted the idea that blacks were "the original people" and whites were "devils." Malcolm X became the public face of the Nation of Islam following his parole in 1952

The Sociological Cinema
In 1960 LIFE magazine commissioned Eve Arnold to photograph Malcolm X, the controversial, charismatic public face of the Nation of Islam.

Malcom X, 1961. Photo credit: Eve Arnold

Malcolm X was born today in Gordon Parks captured this image of him addressing the crowd at a Harlem rally in The photograph is on view now in From the Collection: [Gordon Parks. Malcolm X Gives Speech at Rally, Harlem, New.

Malcolm X Addressing Black Muslim Rally, Chicago, Illinois, 1963 Photo credit: Gordon Parks

Eve Arnold—Magnum Daughter and wife of Elijah Muhammad with Malcolm X, Chicago, 1961 Malcolm X, Black History Facts, Black History Month, Black Leaders, Civil Rights Leaders, Vintage Black Glamour, Black Celebrities, Celebs, Photographer Portfolio
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Daughter and wife of Elijah mohammed with Malcolm X, 1962. Photo credit: Eve Arnold

CultureHISTORY: The Million Man March - Anniversary Photos from EBONY magazine’s anniversary tribute. Million Man March, Skunks, American Story, National Mall, Malcolm X, March 20th, The Millions, Households, Black History
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The Million Man March On Oct. 16, 1995, the Honorable Minister Louis Farrakhan called for Black men to gather in Washington, D.C. to reflect on their roles in their households and beyond. The march saw hundreds of thousands of men from across the United States line the National Mall for a day of peace, solidarity and recommitment to family and communiy. Photo credit: Ebony

Nation Of Islam at the Bud Billiken Parade demanding justice for Eric Garner, Sandra Bland, and others, August Photo credit: Toure Muhammad Elijah Muhammad, Eric Garner, Malcolm X, Photo Credit, Candid, Muslim, Conversation, Hip Hop, Bud
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Nation Of Islam at the Bud Billiken Parade demanding justice for Eric Garner, Sandra Bland, and others, August 2015. Photo credit: Toure Muhammad

'You can't take a bad picture of the guy': Legendary photojournalist Art Shay's retrospective of classic American icons, including his favorite John F. Black White Photos, Black And White Photography, Les Religions, Bad Picture, Photo D Art, We Are The World, Photojournalism, Robert Doisneau, Black History
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Elijah muhammed's Grandchild in Center with Black Muslim Sisters, 1969. Photo credit: Art Shay

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"America is a police state for the black man" New York City Criminal Court Building, Photo credit: Robert L. Haggins — in New York, NY

"America is a police state for the black man" New York City Criminal Court Building, 1963. Photo credit: Robert L. Haggins — in New York, NY

size: Photo: Poster of Elijah Muhammad : Artists

"Black World Is with US for...Justice!," Muhammad Speaks, July 5, 1963 caption under the photo reads, "Africans were angered by this photo of a lone Alabama woman, drenched by fire hoses and facing dogs and armored cars because she struggled to end the Negro's historic oppression and persecution."

"Police Brutality Must Go," Black Muslim Protest, 1963 Photo credit: Gordon Parks

"Police Brutality Must Go," Black Muslim Protest, 1963 Photo credit: Gordon Parks

Minister Louis Farrakhan kneels in prayer, 2009 Photo credit: Mario Ruiz

Minister Louis Farrakhan kneels in prayer, 2009 Photo credit: Mario Ruiz

The Most Honorable Elijah Muhammad stands beside his wife Clara Muhammad with Minister Louis Farrakhan speaking Elijah Muhammad, Muhammad Ali, Remember The Titans, Black Leaders, Black Fathers, Civil Rights Leaders, Black Panther Party, My Black Is Beautiful, Beautiful Images
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The Most Honorable Elijah Muhammad stands beside his wife Clara Muhammad

The Honorable Elijah Muhammad Native American Images, African American History, Native American Indians, Black Women Art, Black Men, Black Is Beautiful, Beautiful People, Elijah Muhammad, African Royalty
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The Most Honorable Elijah Muhammad

Black and White - Malcolm X, 1961 by Henri Cartier-Bresson Henri Cartier Bresson, Malcolm X, Walker Evans, By Any Means Necessary, Black History Facts, French Photographers, My Black Is Beautiful, Candid Photography, Before Us
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Malcolm X eats beneath a picture of The Most Honorable Elijah Muhammad

Men stand in a line to see The Most Honorable Elijah Muhammad speak, 1964 — in Chicago, Illinois. Elijah Muhammad, Chicago Photos, Malcolm X, My Town, Old Things, Street View, Black And White, Landscape, Park
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Men stand in a line to see The Most Honorable Elijah Muhammad speak, 1964 — in Chicago, Illinois.

Clarence Smith, also known as Allah and Clarence was the founder of the "Five Percent Nation of Islam." Smith was born on February As a young teenager moved from Danville, Virginia, to Five Percent Nation, American Story, World Religions, Guy Names, African American History, Black Power, History Facts, My People, White Man
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Allah, a.k.a. Clarence 13X, (born Clarence Smith) was a former student of Malcolm X and in 1964 founded the Five-Percent Nation of Islam. Clarence 13X broke from The Five-Percent Nation after a theological dispute with the Nation's leaders over the nature and identity of God. Specifically, Clarence 13X denied that the Nation's biracial founder Master W. Fard Muhammad was Allah and instead taught the black man was himself God personified.

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